With the support of national policies, with the development of intelligent and electric vehicle technology, a new era of electric vehicles and intelligent vehicles has arrived. The rapid development of intelligent electric vehicles has put forward higher requirements for the "on-board network", including: higher bandwidth, faster transmission rate, smaller outer diameter, higher flexibility, better cost-efficiency and so on. These requirements seem to be a big problem for ... Compared with the traditional Ethernet, the on-board single pair of Ethernet has its unique advantages. In automotive automation systems, the traditional (classical) Ethernet requires two pairs of wires to achieve data transmission rate of 100 Mbps, or four pairs of CAT 5e wires to achieve a 1 Gbps transmission rate (operating frequency of 100 MHz; each pair can send and receive data). A single pair of Ethernet can achieve a data transmission rate of at least 100 Mbps with only a pair of single wires.

The development of automotive advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) , infotainment systems and autopilot have placed stringent requirements on the transmission of automotive data. Traditional automotive communication networks can no longer meet the requirements of contemporary automobiles. Singl